Silent Signs of Ovarian Cancer: Early Symptoms You Shouldn’t Ignore

The “silent killer.”

Ovarian cancer has long been dubbed with this ominous pseudonym due to the subtlety of its early symptoms, making it easily mistakable for other medical conditions. However, the term isn’t truly accurate – with recent research into the disease allowing health experts to diagnose ovarian cancer symptoms at earlier stages.

As this research into early stage ovarian cancer continues, it has become more important than ever for women to be aware of the disease’s signs. By understanding the noticeable symptoms of developing ovarian cancer in its early stages, they can significantly improve their chances of successful treatment. That’s where this blog can help.

In this article, we’ll explore the ins and outs of early stage ovarian cancer; its developing factors, signs and possible symptoms. We’ll also discuss how you can be proactive in checking for ovarian cancer, including advice on when to seek support from your medical team. At Nurture Gynaecology our aim is to empower women with the knowledge needed to protect their general health.

Developing Ovarian Cancer: What Is It?

Before exploring the symptoms of ovarian cancer, it’s important to first understand what causes the condition.

Ovarian cancer is a malignant tumour that builds in one or both ovaries, when abnormal cancer cells begin to grow and clump. Ovaries are part of the reproductive system, responsible for producing eggs along with important female hormones like estrogen and progesterone.

While many types of ovarian cancer exist, research by Cancer Council Australia into the disease has identified three variants as being the most common; Epithelial, Germ Cell and Stromal. Let’s break these down:

Epithelial Tumours Ovarian Cancer

Epithelial ovarian cancer is the most common type – accounting for nearly 90% of cases. It occurs when cancer cells develop externally to the ovaries’ surrounding tissue.

Germ Cell Ovarian Cancer

Germ Cell ovarian cancer accounts for approximately 5% of cases. This rare condition tends to occur at a younger age, when cancer cells arise internally to the ovary from the cells which produce eggs.

Stromal Ovarian Cancer

The rarest form of Ovarian cancer, this condition arises when tumours grow in the internal structural connective tissues of an ovary.

Understanding The Risk Factors for Ovarian Cancer Cells

There are several factors to be aware of that could increase a woman’s risk of developing ovarian cancer. These include:

• Older Age: Ovarian cancer is more commonly diagnosed in women over 50, particularly after menopause has occurred.
• Genetics and Strong Family History: Some ovarian cancer diagnoses are caused by gene mutations like BRCA1 or BRCA2. These genes can also be influential in the development of breast cancer. If your family has a history, it is important to remain vigilant and consider genetic testing.
• Reproductive History: Women who have never been pregnant before have a slightly higher risk of developing ovarian cancer.
• Hormone Therapy: Long-term use of estrogen only hormone replacement therapy has been linked with ovarian cancer.
• Weight Gain: Studies have associated weight gain with the risk of ovarian cancer increasing.

Despite being one of the most serious gynaecological cancers, ovarian cancer treatment can often be successful, with early detection significantly improving. For this reason, being aware of the early warning signs is critical.

Early Ovarian Cancer Symptoms: What to Watch For

The symptoms of ovarian cancer are often vague and can mimic common gastrointestinal or urinary conditions. However, the persistence and combination of these symptoms can be a red flag. Here are some early signs to be mindful of:

1. Abdominal Bloating and Swelling – Most women experience bloating. However, persistent, unusual bloating that worsens over time can be a sign of ovarian cancer. Women often describe it as a feeling of fullness in their abdomen.
2. Pelvic Pain – Unexplained discomfort in the pelvic area can be a symptom of ovarian cancer. This pain may be either infrequent or constant. Be careful not to mistake it for menstrual cramps or digestive issues.
3. A Frequent Need To Urinate – Ovarian cancer can cause changes in urinary habits, including needing to urinate more frequently or urgently.
4. Fatigue – Persistent fatigue that doesn’t improve with rest could indicate something more serious. While many factors contribute to fatigue, this symptom should not be ignored if it is accompanied by other signs.
5. Changes in Bowel Habits – Constipation, diarrhea, or other bowel changes can be associated with ovarian cancer.
6. Unexplained Weight Loss – Losing weight without trying, especially when combined with other signs, can be a warning sign.
7. Changes to Digestion – Struggling to eat or loss of appetite can be a sign of underlying health concerns if accompanied by other symptoms.

How to Check for Ovarian Cancer

While there is no definitive at-home test for ovarian cancer, self-awareness and routine monitoring can help you identify potential concerns early. Here are some practical steps:

• Track Your Symptoms – Keep a journal of any persistent signs such as bloating, pain, or changes in appetite. Note their frequency, duration and severity.
• Know Your Family History – A family history of genetic mutation, ovarian, breast, or colorectal cancer can increase your risk. If you have close relatives who have had these cancers, consider genetic counselling.
• Be Proactive About Routine Health Checks – While self-monitoring is helpful, regular check-ups with your gynaecologist remain crucial for early detection. These visits often include pelvic exams, physical examination of the female reproductive system and discussions about risk factors.

Remember, self-checks at home are not a substitute for professional medical advice. If you have concerns, seek a medical evaluation promptly.

Reducing Your Own Risk of Ovarian Cancer

While it’s not always possible to prevent ovarian cancer, there are steps you can take to reduce your risk:

• Use of Oral Contraceptives: Studies suggest that birth control pills can lower the risk of ovarian cancer.
• Maintain a Healthy Lifestyle: A balanced diet and regular exercise can both limit the risk of ovarian cancer.
• Surgical Prevention: For women at high risk, preventative surgeries like removing the ovaries and fallopian tubes may be recommended.
• Routine Health Screenings: Staying on top of regular gynaecological exams ensures that potential issues are caught early.

Medical Advice: How to Seek Ovarian Cancer Treatment

If you notice any of the common symptoms mentioned above, especially if they are new, persistent, and unusual for you, consult a healthcare professional. A thorough evaluation may include:

• Pelvic Examination: This helps your doctor identify abnormalities in the ovaries or surrounding tissues.
• Imaging Tests: Ultrasounds and CT scans can provide detailed views of the ovaries and detect masses.
• Blood Test: Blood tests are a common tool for identifying ovarian cancer markers in the blood, though it is not always definitive.
• Biopsy: If necessary, a small tissue sample may be taken to confirm a diagnosis.

Early diagnosis is key, so don’t hesitate to seek medical advice if something feels off.

After Diagnosis: Treatment Options For Ovarian Cancer

An ovarian cancer diagnosis can feel like a shock, leaving you upset and anxious. This response is perfectly normal. Once diagnosed, you will be able to discuss options to have your ovarian cancer treated with medical staff, families and friends. Information is readily available from Cancer Council Australia and other reliable sources, while support networks are also becoming stronger by the day. If you feel the need for additional support, we recommend reaching out to the Teal Support Program run by Ovarian Cancer Australia.

Conclusion

Ovarian cancer is tough, with a set of subtle early symptoms historically making it a difficult disease to diagnose. However, it no longer has to be a “silent killer.”

By raising awareness for the cancer’s symptoms, you can fight back against the condition, a significant step towards protecting yourself and your loved ones.

At Nurture Gynaecology we’re here to help you remain vigilant. If you have concerns about ovarian cancer or are seeking guidance on how to manage your health, then we’d be more than happy to book an appointment. Simply contact us at (07) 3472 9108 or book via our website.

Together, we can work toward early detection and effective treatment.